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Variations on Debussy "Doctor Gradus ad Parnassum"

Discussion in 'Critique & Feedback' started by Francesco Bortolussi, Feb 25, 2019.

  1. Something different this time around!

    When I was studying classical piano many years ago, I had to play this Debussy 'etude' called "Doctor Gradus ad Parnassum". It was a fun, not too hard, piece to learn and play. A year and a half ago (November 2017) I sat down and I improvised some developmental ideas on the theme, out of nostalgia. Some months ago (November 2018, coincidentally), I rediscovered the recording of all the modulations I came up with, using the main motifs, and I decided to write them down as a coherent piece; the tempo is slower than the original piece because some passages require proper musical breath.

    Yesterday, I decided to record a performance of it. I'm quite satisfied with the composition, but the performance is quite horrible to my standards. But - oh well - I don't have time to really learn it properly, so here is a sloppy recording of the piece.

    The inside joke here is that I reworked the melodies trying to maintain the original purpose of the techniques being used. I've maintained some of the original bars, expanding upon what Debussy did. If you know the original piece (linked here for reference), it would probably be more entertaining to go through my original variations.

    Here's the PDF and my (horribly uneven) performance:


    https://www.dropbox.com/s/y2ll49xonb7uqja/debussy gradus variation 7 - Full Score.pdf?dl=0
     
  2. Don't think I can really offer anything, but have been meaning to have a listen to this, I'm intrigued. Will do so tomorrow!
     
  3. #3 Alexander Schiborr, Mar 4, 2019
    Last edited: Mar 4, 2019
    Hi Francesco,

    First I am no big debussy expert, so I don´t know much of his music or anything in particular very good of him. Cool piece there and a lots of nice harmonies and moments there. So why I am no classic trained pianist and the performance didn´t bother me at all, I felt actually after listening into the 1 1/2 minute region a bit fatigued by the piece and not because that I don´t like your harmonic twists, chords and main anchor melodies you do but the way how it is arranged here gets for me fatiguing after a while. It has that constant flow of arrpeggiated notes which when done in dose is a great tool to add flow, drive and flowing textures to a composition but when overdone it is exactly the other way around: Its starts to nerve my ear. Isn´t it? And after a while it creates a kind drony thing to my head where I actually turn off paying attention to the music entirely. What ever I call it here, cover or motif variations, it feels also that it stays over to much the same, though pretty all over the place, it just like the same more less due also to the nature of that repetitive patterns which stay tempowise the same and it emphasizes that a lot for me. Also while the original has also a lot of fast notes too there are parts where it slows down to lyrical parts and they are very important and so welcome to the ear just to give everybody a break.
    Having said that: I admire the craft of variations you put here in your piece and I like the piece and my cliffhanger conclusion might be: Work with slight contrasts to add more variety and different sides to add depth to your composition, cover or variation. And last but not least though you see it different: I think you play very nice and thats impressive to see. I know there are lots of examples in music history where you have that many many many notes going on all the time, but for me personally its starting to sound more like an exercise rather than a composition with a development (working also with contrasts). Liszt is for me a great example where though many notes but so well executed with diversity in arranment and range and contrast in dynamics that it is great. For instance like this:

     
  4. You raise a very interesting point, and it's clear (and kinda ironic) that I failed where Debussy actually succeeded in the original piece. At 1:07 of the original composition he actually slows things down for a bit, and gives some breathing room:


    EDIT: Didn't realize you also mentioned this fact in the first place, my bad.

    Although this piece of music was written as a satirical take on "boring" piano exercises and etudes, it still retains a lot of inherent musicality. Since the piece is supposed to be a technical etude, I wanted to adhere to the style and the intention of the composer, which is why might sound like an exercise (it could very well be). Having said that, some more dynamics on the tempo would've helped my variations a lot!

    Some times in classical music you find some etudes that never ever stop, and I used to obsessively listen to them - which is why sometimes I might be biased towards technicalities rather than musicality (I still walk into this trap from time to time!). Chopin's etudes come to mind:


    Thank you for your answer!
     
    Alexander Schiborr likes this.
  5. Hey !

    Nice stuff. I do like your piece. I was meaning to comment a few days ago and echo that about 90 % is the interpretation letting down the listener. It's not a knock on you, as a pianist, just as you said yourself

    So that where the rub is. Yes, slowing down will help. But it still need "color" changes, and greater contrast in dynamics.

    When I was a classical guitarist we had certain perpetual mobile kind of pieces to, and I would always try and color any arpeggio that is a repeat of itself. So the first ....lets say Gmi6, would be as normal, the second softer and ponticello.

    Paul Barton is a wonderful piano player, and that harmonic pedal sounds amazing (I want one !!). That said I would like to a few other sources in addition. I would also listen to instruments other than piano










    Lastly, since Alex brought up Liszt.......... listen to the same pianist as you posted play a piece by Liszt. You can dig through
    the harmonies of Debussy and almost always find a melody kind of hidden that you can bring out in a way more like Liszt.
    Less authentic, but I think that would give people something to really hang on to.

     
    Rohann van Rensburg likes this.
  6. Such a great example.

    I'm not sure if you're implying that Chopin is more technical than musical, but I think many of his preludes are fantastic examples of technicality and musicality not needing to be separate ideas. Chopin's etude here fulfills that criteria of being flowing and arpeggiated but dynamic enough to not become droning or irritating.
     
    Alexander Schiborr likes this.
  7. Yeah Franz Liszt with his gigantic hands and long fingers are also technically out of this world. I don´t know what to say to this. Thats the reason why I study things which at least let me play parts of it lol.
     
  8. Hey man, sure. I mean you absolutely didn´t fail at all, it is often not easy to keep everything in mind when writing many hours on a piece, you just get not everything on the table which is normal, happens to me all the time. I just think that you can try incoorporate such things in your pieces to make your already nice piece a bit more diverse and colorful.
     
    Francesco Bortolussi likes this.
  9. "I'm not sure if you're implying that Chopin is more technical than musical, but I think many of his preludes are fantastic examples of technicality and musicality not needing to be separate ideas. Chopin's etude here fulfills that criteria of being flowing and arpeggiated but dynamic enough to not become droning or irritating."
    This was in reference to Francesco's post.
     
  10. No, I was just referring to the first part of the post and referring to Liszt, not Chopin. Sorry if that crossed somehow.
     
    Rohann van Rensburg likes this.
  11. Yeah that's what I thought as well. I'll see if it is worth the effort to actually properly learn the piece and record it in the future, for now I'll just be happy for the conceptual part of the composition. Thank you for confirming my concerns. And thank you for the links!

    It's very interesting how piano pieces live or die on dynamics and performance. In a way, it's much easier to control dynamics and musical phrases with an orchestra, since every orchestrational choice is an easy translation of whatever I meant musically. If a section is soft, putting a string section on with a P dynamic marking is enough; the dynamic range is wide enough that even approximate renditions of a piece translate quite well, thanks to the power of the combo dynamics+orchestration. On the other hand, every decision is extremely delicate on the piano (or any other solo instrument) and it's way harder to balance the sound to convey the exact idea I have in my head. Or at least it's always non-trivial to perform music correctly.

    I also can't seem to get away with a digital piano for such pieces, the dynamic range on those things is narrow, and the velocities are sometimes wacky. I should try it on a vertical/grand piano.

    I've never implied that, I just said that oftentimes I would be personally focused more on the technical parts. I used to be very attracted to the sheer amount of notes present in some pieces, which made me develop some bad habits. But I could indeed go a step further and describe some of his other pieces as more technical than musical. The example I gave earlier is a bad one, but the etudes op.10 n.1 or op.10 n.4 are good representations of what I mean: a flurry of notes were the charm is mostly on the technical challenges. Of course they're not un-musical (Chopin was always very very musical), but you can argue that the focus was mainly on the technique. You can also argue that this kind of discussion is silly on such pieces, since he specifically wrote them to help himself develop his piano skills.

    Moreover, as I said before, this kind of pieces live or die on the actual performance, which is why everyone here should probably look at the score more than they should listen to me sloppily working my way through the piece. This is kind of unrelated to what you were saying, but I felt like it was important to state.

    ==================================================================================

    I think it's kind of funny that I inadvertently picked a piece that doesn't easily lend itself to musical variations - in a traditional sense. It's way easier to get away with writing variations for a simple and strong melody. Here, the "melodies" are not really good ones, in my opinion; you only get an illusion of a melody thanks to the accented notes on top. Which is why it takes a master like Debussy to give life to a piece like this.

    It was very fun to do, and it got me thinking about the performance part more than I would normally do.
     
    Rohann van Rensburg likes this.
  12. I think this is why piano is easy to begin, but difficult to master.


    Ah, gotcha. I would agree with your assessment on a few of his pieces, but such is the nature of an etude, really.

    So true about living or dying on performance though, and I think the responses here highlight the idea that it can be difficult, if not impossible, to separate performance (and therefore dynamics as a part of composition) from the actual music with a piece like this, aside from viewing it abstractly. I'll leave it to more experienced members to comment on the actual content of the melodies.
     
  13. My first "real" orchestration teacher/mentor had us go thru each of the two Debussy Prelude books and orchestrate them.
    His music, specifically his piano works, are very orchestral. (See post above with links.The two issues are connected)

    No. My thought exactly. It makes the piece sound like a "Tourist" from another country with the digital.

    You know..... I thought this was a really great point. When I read this I immediately knew you were right, and we can all get swayed by recordings.
    Guilty as charged over here.

    So, I printed up your score, and I also printed the version Debussy published. What's really nice actually is how both fit really well under the hands.
    Sort of to your points.......... it just kind of feel nice to move the hand across the keys. (Aka idiomatic)


    So I got some good news, and I have some bad news

    Good news: You were 100% that reading the score reveals more, and everything is enjoyable to play. You have some really nice material/ideas in here.

    Bad news: It's not 90% interpretation as I thought. The piece just has some flaws. It's in the music itself.
    Most serious of which are foundational/structural issues.

    I'll explain in detail below where/why I have this opinion, but first I want to bring up something else, because I think it might be a larger part of reason
    the errors occurred.

    I wonder with this statement. As an analogy this feels like watching an actor who is not fully submerged into the role being played.

    Not sure if you recall, but last year I was commissioned to write a multi-movement quartet in homage to Debussy. Spent about 10 months listening to his
    music, and investigating both his music and him as a person.

    So, I have many dead bodies on the hill called "writing like Debussy". It's very easy to get stuck in a corner.

    Let's begin looking deeper, and I start here:

    Is this 100% true ? Not the first part (it is silly), but this

    Debussy's Etudes are wonderful, and those for sure fit what you describe; he used them for his on technical development too.

    This piece......hmm I'm skeptical about that. ( hang in there when reading. I know this may seem like a tangent, but I am also trying to say context matters,and can offer new ways to think about the composition you are writing.)

    He wrote the piece when he was 44. It's apart of a larger work intended for children, which to me implies too it's well below his technical level. (it is)

    To understand the satire, and the political/nationalistic motivations behind it his needs to be compared to his model.
    Clementi's Etude #53




    So this way we can see what Debussy began with and the patterns he would have sorted thru. Also we can sense of what that piece was about, and the degree of contrast Debussy added. What did he do, why did this choice get made and so on, and so on.

    Now, I'm not saying go overboard with this. It's just something good to have floating in your mind to help evaluate your own work.

    Let me go thru some examples with your piece:

    So measures 1-5 are exactly the same as Debussy. Let's look at it

    Screen Shot 2019-03-06 at 2.52.51 PM.png
    I think this is the most significant moment. The F to the E really has a "pull" to the sound. Additionally notice the B means we will have heard B-F-E (the B to F is a tritone - thats the dissonance that is resolving. There is also a very clear harmonic rhythm: C sonority for beats 1&2, Beats 3&4 not C. It's more vague but impressions of a few possible harmonies like F, Dmi7, B half diminished.

    This whole opening is only about C major. Here is the melody, and how clear it set up going to the F maj in measure 7, and how it highlight the 3rd aspect of A. That the F to A maj. 3rd really gets felt.)

    upload_2019-3-6_15-12-42.png


    I am going thru this to show the first "structural" error happens here. The first 6 measures are about C major. That's a pretty good amount of time.

    Now he is jumping over to "F" and give us a few more shifts - Fmi - to E etc.

    The specific harmonies, and none of your materials are the issue; Don't go back to C major at 8 ! Look at the proportions between your work and his. Now.....you don't have to follow any chord recipe, but don't go back so soon !

    Do you see in his there is sort of a 6 & 6 measure phrase. At measure 7 it has a 2-2-1-1 (or say 2-2-2 if you feel the last note is apart of the E)

    You went more like 6 & .5

    Next.... this is your variation on those previous measures. (I would most likely just move it to a later part of the piece. )

    This is also unbalanced. From Measure 12 a F minor feel really take hold, and the thing is you are heading towards F at 16. So F to F
    just does not have the same "pull". Debussy avoids any of this in his piece.

    Perhaps a bass note change would be all that is needed.

    Then we get the F maj to Fmin from Debussy,....... so now it feels long.


    I gotta cut this off, sad to say as I need to run. Will be happy to explain more if you wish

    Doug
     
    Rohann van Rensburg likes this.
  14. Goodness, I need to dedicate an hour to reading your posts. None of this casual reading. These are lessons in themselves, and glossing over them is robbing myself. Not trying to blow smoke, more just a roundabout way of saying thank you for your continued thoroughness.
     
  15. #15 Doug Gibson, Mar 6, 2019
    Last edited: Mar 6, 2019
    In case actual music is clearer than words; I made a little sketch that is a combination of both yours, and Debussy's.

    I took your return to idea 1 before going on. The only difference is now it's in a new mode, and follows a similar move to what you were exploring withF minor.
    Then, as I mentioned above F to F is not a strong pull, so I made the first set of big arpeggios Db.
    (Recall how I circled the F to E ? That was a min 2nd pull down. Now for the "B" idea, the bass is moving from C to Db -- min 2nd up. I am just using what was already there, but maybe not noticed. This helps things feel both connected and flow)

    I added in another repetition of ideas 1 and 2 (measures 1-10) and now it's in a descending manner.
    Now it's 22 measures instead of 12. The thing that helps is keeping the proportions, and to think about the structure and how it's organized.
    That's more important.

    All of your material is very good, it's just organized oddly. Notice too, I never return to C in this example. I can save it for later in the work.

    Anyhow.....hope this is of some use.


     
    Rohann van Rensburg likes this.
  16. #16 Francesco Bortolussi, Mar 6, 2019
    Last edited: Mar 6, 2019
    It feels like I got caught with my hand stuck in the cookie jar! It's a total cop out and I shouldn't have mentioned that. It's all good practice and it helps me improve.
    I do recall, and I don't think I've ever commented on that thread, but I'll take the chance to tell you that I really enjoyed your work there. Really well done! It really shows that you did your research.

    I was talking about Chopin, iirc he wrote op.10 and op.25 to help himself become better.

    Small sidenote: I have a hate-hate relationship with Clementi's Gradus ad Parnassum, since I had to prepare 13 of those etudes as a mandatory requirement for an exam. I agree with your statements, you enjoy much more Debussy's work once you know what the music referenced is.

    I always felt like my first page was not as satisfying as I'd hope it would be, but I couldn't put my finger on it. My biggest mistake was a consequence of me "respecting" the original material a little too much: I wanted to keep 2-3 anchors on the piece that would be exactly the same as the original piece, in the same key. Those were: the beginning, the F passage at bar 16, and the reprise of the original theme over the G pedal towards the end. The reason I kept the key the same on this passages was to create a sort of 'inside joke' with whomever played the piece; it feels a particular way under the fingers, and I think it's fun to start playing the piece in a familiar territory and then veer off to some crazy variations.
    Although, I never caught my mistake of going from Fmin to F, and that seems to be the root of most of my problems. I really thank you for that, I don't know if I would have ever caught that by myself. That is indeed a very weak pull, and it's the opposite of a satisfying resolution.

    I also rewrote measure 1 to 16 several times, and I was somehow never satisfied with it, and that is probably because I was always too eager to go back to the C as soon as possible. I don't remember exactly what happened, but I'm pretty sure I had the section from 8 to 16 already written, and I was trying to force the rest around it.

    Two possible solutions: I can either modulate differently to reach the F major in bar 16 (if I wanna preserve the original key of the motif), or I modulate to a different key in bar 16 (like you did).
    Your sketch is really really nice sounding, and it feels way more organic than what I tried. Db definitely works wonders in bar 16. And the fact that now the number of measures is balanced is definitely an improvement.

    ======================================================================

    Thank you for your thorough analysis of my first page, the fact that it didn't feel great really bugged me for a long time.

    Most of the problems came up when I tried to remove Debussy's measures and place them in my piece, out of their original context. That created multiple issues: what justified them (the context around them) changed - which made them sound awkward and out of place; I was forced to either write new music around them or shoehorn some awkward modulations to make them work at all. Notice how the best bit (in my opinion) is the section that is the farthest away from the "directly quoted" measures - the bit from 59 to 82; I'm personally really proud of this section, it couldn't flow any better. Then from 89 till the end it's clumsy once again (that is me literally going "alright enough of this shit, time to end the piece").

    Bottom line is: if I wanna write a variation, I should be really careful when I try to quote passages note for note. No note is an island, and every section is always in direct temporal correlation of what comes before and after. This is a good example of copying measures out of context and watching the piece crumble :D

    I'll look at it when I have time tomorrow and comment again if there's anything else I think it's worth mentioning.

    Thanks again!
     
  17. Thanks for posting and for the responses, I learned a lot (and had a lot reinforced) through this!
     
  18. Audio book, arranged as sonnets, and accompanied by Elizabethan era lutes.
     
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